Factors influencing entrepreneurial intention

Factors influencing entrepreneurial placePurpose- the aim of goods and services of this query is to investigate what the causes influenced among students in Universiti Teknologi Mara in Shah Alam branch in entrepreneurial c one timeption and to make an evaluation for their entrepreneurship orientation by give way them with non-entrepreneuri altogethery inclined students. tendency/methodology/approach-Findings- the result of this test showed that look limitations/implications- the culture comprises respondent 300 of students at alone course fields in Universiti Teknologi Mara in Shah Alam branch and the percentage of students in the standard who deprivation to be entrepreneurs isPractical implications This c alone provides insight into entrepreneurship rearing, as to which entrepreneurial characteristics arouse be developed to raise good entrepreneurs.Originality/value This interpret contributes to apprehensiveness the differences amongst characteristics of entrep reneuri each(prenominal)y inclined and non-inclined students at the edge of graduation.Nowadays entrepreneurship has captured their attention among tidy sum especially teenagers in all over the world. The main land of this lodge in is the growing need for entrepreneurs who accelerate economic development through generating sassy ideas and converting them into coin-making ventures. However, it has a much critical role for economies of developing countries since entrepreneurship is lend upn as an locomotive engine of economic progress, job creation and social adjustment. Thus, small seam egress or new seam formation is widely encouraged by national economic policies to accept economic growth and wealth creation. In parallel with developing lodge in in entrepreneurship throughout the world, Malaysia has withal witnessed an change magnitude interest in entrepreneurship fields both(prenominal) among their academic scholars and amongst government constitution makers an d handicraft leaders. Obviously, pick outing detections of students at higher education aim is a necessity step in this process. The purpose of the flow cartoon is to analyze the entrepreneurial purpose of university students in Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam .Scope of reputationThe stretch in this study is the students in Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam. It comprises all the students in all field of study. The respondent involved 300 students and this amount is using for sample survey in this study.Problem statementThe interest making money among the teenagers nowadays make intention in entrepreneurship is acquire higher. But fox a few of them perplex a desire to open the business but because of lack of entrepreneur association.Research objectiveObjective in doing this research is to identifyThe factor that influenced student in university to do the business before they done their study.The opinion from the students that already entertain their own busine ss.How they quietus their study and business at the same time.Those who pick out business experiences in their backgroundResearch questionsWhat the factors that influenced university student to do the business?Who you prefer to follow money to open the business?Signifi wadce of studyThe signifi endt of this study is to analyze the entrepreneurial intention of university students. In this study, a mildew that frequently focuses on the impacts of virtually contextual factors was proposed and empirically tested on university students. Further much, the study contributes to the literature by theorizing and empirically testing how some factors affect entrepreneurial intention of university students. It is believed that the results of study may have some significant implications for the form _or_ system of government makers and educators.INTRODUCTIONEntrepreneurship has captured the attention of both scholars and policy makers duringthe last decades. The main causa of this conc ern is the growing need for entrepreneurs who accelerate economic development through generating new ideas and converting them into profitable ventures. Entrepreneurial activities are non only the incubators of expert innovation they provide employment opportunity and increase competitiveness too (Reynolds, 1987 Zahra, 1999). Some scholars primarily focus on the effect of constitution characteristics on decision making process (Bonnett and Furnham, 1991 Brockhaus, 1980 Johnson,1990). Although the results vary across the studies, they often specify a tie in amongst entrepreneurial intention and some nature factors, much(prenominal) as self-confidence, risk-taking ability, need to achievement, and locus of control. However, a person is encircled by an extended range of heathenish, social, economical, political, demographical, and technological factors. Therefore, personality traits cannot be single out from these contextual factors. In the literature, on that point are some studies that take into bank note the role of these factors also. For instance, according to Hisrich (1990), people can be pushed or pulled by the situational factors, which are related with their personal backgrounds and present lives. From a broader point of view, the cultural and institutional frameworks also affect entrepreneurship (Wennekers and Thurik, 1999). The review of literature on entrepreneurship shows that well-nigh of the scholars have focused on adult entrepreneurs. In these studies, adult entrepreneurs were examined aft(prenominal) choosing their entrepreneurial line of achievements. Since people are promising to start a business within the age range of 25 to 44 (Liles, 1974), it is also critical to focus on people who are immatureer than 25 and understand which factors affect their intentions to start-up abusiness in the future. As Henderson and Robertson (2000) also express . . . the future working environment will depend on the creativity and individ uality of the young. However, indeed relatively little is copen close young adult views on entrepreneurship (p.279). The purpose of the current study is to analyse the entrepreneurial intention of university students. In the study, a model that mainly focuses on the impacts of some contextual factors was proposed and empirically tested on university students. Therefore, the study contributes to the literature by theorizing and empirically testing how some factors affect entrepreneurial intention of university students. It is believed that the results of study may have some significant implications for the policy makers and educators.VARIABLESDependent varying Entrepreneur intentions among students.In subject variants Educational subscribe to, morphologic behave and relative condescendEducational supportThe starting time dimension of model is educational support. It is evident that professional education in universities is an efficient way of obtaining necessary knowledge about entrepreneurship. Although, in their study, Wang and Wong (2004, p. 170) mainly focused on personality characteristics of students, they also pointed out the fact that the entrepreneurial dreams of many students are hindered by myopic preparation . . .their business knowledge is insufficient, and more all-important(prenominal)ly, they are not inclined(p) to take risk to realize their dreams.. In the literature, some studies analyse how these entrepreneurial interests of universities affect entrepreneurial inclination of students. The study of Gorman and Hanlon (1997) showed that entrepreneurial attributes can be positively influenced by educational programmes. It is clear that an effective education on entrepreneurship can be a factor to push people towards an entrepreneurial career (Henderson and Robertson, 2000). geomorphologic supportThe second base factor in the model is structural support which are we are social, cultural, economical, political and technological facto rs. The current context of entrepreneurship is mainly shaped by economical and political mechanisms, which are governed by the actors in the public, private, and non-governmental sectors. In such a system, there can be some opportunities or threats for entrepreneurs. For instance, if there are some barriers to admission into the market, people big businessmaniness show a lower tendency for entrepreneurship. However, if they convey the granted conditions adequate and favourable, it might be expected that they are more likely to start a business.Relational supportThe study of Henderson and Robertson (2000) showed that family was the second factor influencing career choice of respondents after their personal experience. Therefore, the support of family and friends is likely to affect ones career selection. In the current study, this relational support mainly denominates the sentimental and monetary supports of family and friends. If someone knows that there will be such example of support when s/he starts a business, she or he might be encouraged to choose an entrepreneurial career.Moderating variableSelf ConfidenceThe model also considers the impact of one personality trait, self-confidence, as moderator variable. However, the level of self-confidence that is generally defined as accept in oneselfmay influence ones perception as well. Self-confidence is widely received as avaluable individual asset and a key to personal success. In their study, Benabou and Tirole(2002) explained why an optimistic self-view is seen as a good thing. match to them, self-confidence is valuable because it makes people happier, it makes it easier to convince separates (rightly or wrongly) and improves the individuals motivation to sign on projects and persevere in the pursuit of his goals (p.877). Based on this conceptualization, it might be expected that more self-confident people may perceive their environment more favourably than others and have more optimistic perspec tive about their future. Therefore, if a person has a high level of self-confidence, the strength of the proposed link between educational support, structural support, relational support and entrepreneurial intention may also increase.THEORITICAL FRAMEWORKSelf-ConfidenceEntrepreneur InterestStructural SupportRelational SupportEducational SupportINDEPENDENT VARIABLES discuss DEPENDENT VARIABLEVARIABLETABLE 1.1 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORKRELATIONSHIPtheory 1 Entrepreneurial intention of university students positively relates with comprehend educational support. opening 2 Entrepreneurial intention relates with perceived structural support.Hypothesis 3 The entrepreneurial intention positively relates to perceived relational support.Moderating scheme 1) The strength of the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and perceived educational support is affected by the level of self-confidence.2)The strength of the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and perceived structural su pport is affected by the level of self-confidence.3) The strength of the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and perceived relational support is affected by the level of self-confidence.3.1 Research Design3.1.1 Purpose of studyFostering entrepreneurship needs a 2fold policy that should focus on both the currentsituation and future persuasion of entrepreneurship. Although many scholars and policy makers devote their attention to the first foci of issue, it is equally important to map out the future context of entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper is to take up this void by analyzing the impacts of some contextual factors on entrepreneurial intention of university students.3.1.2 Type of investigationThe type if investigation for this research is correlation study. This is because the researchers call for to identify the important of the factors or variables associated with the problem. It is to determine whether relational support, structured support and education al support and the intention to become an entrepreneur among student is correlated. The researchers also postulate to know what are the significant amount of the independent variables in the intention to become an entrepreneur among student. If they are significant between these two variables, which among these three variables examined is the one that has the greatest association with it, which is the next and which is the third? It is to see if there is any relationship exist among the variables investigated. The answer to this correlational study will help to determine the extent of the intention to become an entrepreneur or to start a business among UiTM students are influenced by the relational support, structured support and educational support.3.1.3 Extend of researcher interference with the study.We have study the intention among students towards entrepreneur. In other words, we want to do a correlational study. Here, we will collect info among UiTM students to indicate how much factors of relational, educational and structural influence them to have intention to be an entrepreneur or start the business. By correlating three variables the answer being sought can be found. In this case, beyond administering a questionnaire to the student, we have not interfered with the students normal activities. In other words, our interference has been at minimal because the variables are beyond our control. It is depends on each of respondents background.3.1.4 Study settingThe study setting of our research is field study. We want to analyze the relationship between the relational, structural and educational support with the intention to become an entrepreneur. We try to correlate between dependent and independent variables by looking at whether the respondents have high level of education, received full support from family members and also the economic situation as the intention to be an entrepreneur increase. Therefore this is a field study. Research here is done in a non contrived setting with no interference with the five independent variables.3.1.5 Unit of summaryIn this study, we want to know factors that influence intention among customers of Bank Islam. For this purpose, data will have to be equanimous from the sample which is 150 students and the units of analysis are individual.3.1.6 sequence frameThe time frame for our research is one-shot or cross-sectional studies. attend was collected from to students between September and October to study the factors that influence intention among UiTM students to record in entrepreneurship. This is because we only need to gather our data just once that is over a period of weeks, in order to answer the research question. Data with respect to this research had not been collected before, nor will they be collected again for this research.3.2 Sampling design/caseIn our research, the taste design that be used is non probability consume which is convenience sampling. whatchamacallum samplin g refers to the collection of culture from members of the population who are conveniently obtainable to provide it. We used these types of sampling design because it is the best way of getting basic schooling quickly and efficiently and it is also less expensive. In addition, these types of sampling are the most easily accessible to our respondents as subject. These types of sampling are most often used during the exploratory phase of a research project. We do not have the knowledge or influence chance of respondents being selected as subject. In thousands of UiTM students, we do not know who the 300 respondents are.3.3 Data Collection Method3.2.1 primary election dataPrimary data refer to information obtained first-hand by the researcher on the variables of interest for the specific purpose of the study. In this research the sources from our primary data is our respondents where we obtained the data through the administered questionnaire.3.2.2 Secondary DataSecondary data refe r to information gathered from sources that already exist. Our secondary source of data is through the analysis of industry offered by the media in the internet which is in form of journal. This information gathered by someone other than the researcher. The advantages of seeking secondary data sources is savings time and costs of acquiring the information.5.00 close and Recommendation5.1 ConclusionThe results of survey revealed that only two subsets of proposed model were significant predictors of entrepreneurial intention. The first factor is educational support that indicates mainly a supportive university environment. correspond to the results, if a university provides adequate knowledge and inspiration for entrepreneurship, the possibility of choosing an entrepreneurial career might increase among young people. It is pellucid that this result confirms the key role of education in the development of entrepreneurial intention. Therefore, in the light of the current study, it mi ght be state that entrepreneurship can be fostered as a result of a learning process. This result is not only raise from the theoretical point of view, but it is also a challenge for the educators and policy-makers. Since entrepreneurial activities are becoming vital to the economic development of a country, both of these groups might focus on the design of more effective educational policies. Although there is no consensus on the content and structure of entrepreneurship education, the findings of current study showed that universities should, at least, encourage the development of creative ideas for being an entrepreneur, provide the necessary knowledge about entrepreneurship, and develop the entrepreneurial skills. However, the strength of the link between educational support and entrepreneurial intention was not affected by the level of self-confidence. Second factor, which also emerged significant in the survey, is structural support. It is obvious that fostering entrepreneur ship requires a more comprehensive support including the collaboration of all sectors in the society. Despite its weak explanatory power, the analysis also showed that this type of structural support might affect entrepreneurial intention of university students. cardinal of the interesting results in the study is the impact of moderating variable on the proposed link between perceived structural support and entrepreneurial intention. The assumption test confirmed that self-confident respondents perceive structural support more favorable than others. In this case, the level of self- confidence might affect ones perception on external environment. Although the structural conditions are homogeneous for everyone living in the same context, the perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors might vary. Therefore, the structural support for entrepreneurship is very significant to stimulate people to be an entrepreneur. Another interesting result of survey appears when comparison the explanator y powers of educational and structural supports the former has slightly higher genus Beta coefficient than the latter. In this case, educational support was perceived more important than structural support. The possible reason for this result might be the timing differences between these two support factors. It is clear that the main focus of structural support is existing entrepreneurs in the economy. Although students are currently aware of this support, they might think that this type of large scale supports will affect them in the future. On the other hand, educational support might be perceived as an immediate factor. Therefore, it is logical that the impact of educational support was higher than structural support.5.2 Limitation of studyThe current study is subject to some limitations. Firstly, similar to the previous studies in the literature, the study focuses on the intentionality. It is clear that intentions may not turn into actual behaviors in the future. Therefore, even if one respondent stated a high entrepreneurial intention in the survey, s/he might choose a completely different career way in the future. In fact, it has been a common problem for almost all study in the literature and currently there is no other accurate way to measure the tendency for entrepreneurship. Therefore, the statements of respondents about their entrepreneurial intention were taken as a reliable source of information. However, it might be more useful to measure this variable through multiple items in order to reduce measurement error in the further studies.Since the collected data was based on the perceptions of the students, a second limitation might appear on a possible difference between perceptions and reality.Obviously, there is always a risk that the perceptions of students on outside world might be different than the reality. The studies that aim to show such realities may indicate that, for instance, the universities are successful to stimulate entrepreneurshi p or financial system are supporting entrepreneurs sufficiently etc. These types of studies are highly valuable to take a picture of entrepreneurial environment. However, it is equally important to analyse how these given conditions are perceived by entrepreneurs or potential entrepreneurs even if they have limited knowledge of outside world. The current study aims to understand the perceptions of students on the context.Another limitation is that some factors in the model were broadly defined and so broadly metric in the survey. For instance, educational support factor were measured through three broad statements, which assess the education support for bear on creative ideas, providing knowledge about entrepreneurship, and developing entrepreneurial skills and abilities. The main reason of such broadness is to increase the generalizability of the model and make it available for the use of new studies in different contexts. When considering the variety of entrepreneurship educati on in all around the world, it might be more reasonable to analyse the general nature of entrepreneurship education, rather than focusing on a specific context. As it is mentioned previously, there is a great variety among universities on the entrepreneurial education even in the same country (Gu rol and Atsan, 2006, p. 27).